A History of Violence

© 2005 New Line Cinema
Directed by: David Cronenberg
Written by: Josh Olson
Starring: Viggo Mortensen, Maria Bello, William Hurt, Ed Harris
U.S. Theatrical U.S.: $29,909,243
cumulative critic score on Rotten Tomatoes: 86% positive (out of 170 reviews)

 

Maybe it’s obvious to say that Cronenberg is just this side of David Lynch. Though I'm not sure which side. The Canadian side I guess. In any case, both utilize clichés as cinematic tools with a straight face, as if clichés are just keys on a piano that includes realism, parody, pathos and all the rest; and both are adept at contorting the tone of a scene from one end of the emotional tightrope to the other, so that what begins as a flat and cheery episode expands into something dark and disconcerting without you knowing just where the transition took place; and neither are afraid to let the scene unfold outside of the viewer’s comfort zone and hold it there, as Lynch does with the absurdly extended Blue Velvet scene in which we first enter Frank’s apartment with the hostaged Kwisatz Haderach as Quantum Leap lip synchs to something like Patsy Cline after Frank announces that he’ll fuck anything that moves, except Heineken. Both conflate the grotesque and the sexual into a fleshy Baconian all-pervasiveness. Both are named David. And both are adored by teen goths and tattooed twentysomethings who jock say, Chuck Palahniuk, so it’s tempting to invoke the right of Anti-hater and underplay their merits so as not to be a compensatory dickface by association. I guess the main difference is not their approach but their subject matter, which necessarily affects their approach: Cronenberg is preoccupied with overt technoculture commentary (Videodrome, eXistenZ, The Fly) while Lynch’s obsession with dreams and dream logic (Dune, Mulholland Drive, Lost Highway) makes him more of a “traditional” Surrealist (the doppleganger scenes of Lost Highway are more than just homages to Maya Deren). Even the supposed sexism of Lynch could be construed as a misreading of an engagement with Surrealist tropes. Though personally I think Lynch’s portrayal of women is more complicated than the straight “your boobs are the sound of a tree breaking” of the Parisian boys club of the 1920s.

But Lynch followed 2001’s Mulholland Drive with a series of speaking tours promoting transcendental meditation, so this review is about Cronenberg, who made a movie instead. The title refers to Viggo’s proclivity for killing, but the survey-course sound of it also references the history of violence as portrayed in pop culture [ed note: embarrassingly obvious Freudian typographical slip of the day: I initially typed ‘pop culture’ as ‘poop culture’]. And Cronenberg’s manipulation of genre expectations here is kind of unbelievable in how deft it is: his tonal dexterity and genuine use of cliché allow him to craft scenes that awaken our delight in violence as well as an awareness of that delight. It's as if each act of violence contains the history of that particular violence as a storytelling device: the movie thus anticipates our enjoyment without passing judgment on it, this lack of judgment then acting as a space in which we view our automatic responses with a disconcerting combination of condemnation and indifference. It's as if the movie makes room for the audience reaction to its own reaction within it, if such a thing is even possible. Take the scene on the front lawn in which Viggo blows somebody’s fucking face off. Cronenberg cuts to a superfluous shot of the bloody remnants of the face quivering on the ground. The result is something artificially tweaked that has the effect of something real: it’s an absurdity that mimics the absurdity of real violence, but in how it feels as opposed to how it happens. This is Tarantino’s one true gift as a director (the startling nonchalance of a gunshot played out in unblinking real-time), but for Cronenberg it’s just an extension of his overall aesthetic of tonal play. As is his acquiescence to the pent-up audience demand for vengeance against the high school bully: what starts out as an exhilarating release ends up a disturbing spectacle we can’t contain, the ending casting a backwards shadow on the moment before the violence occurred, when the movie seemed to be encouraging us to yearn for it. What it was doing instead was utilizing conventions that encourage us. This kind of authorial distance isn’t satiric: it’s an engagement with the unresolvable tension between what we want and when we get it.

Which includes two parallel sex scenes I can’t stop thinking about, and not just because I’m a voyeur and a pervert. Unless I’m totally misremembering, this construction is straight up filched from Showgirls, in which cinematic tagteam Eszterhas/Verhoeven make stripper Saved by the Bell fake-fuck the Kwisatz Haderach in a particularly awkward and memorable orchestration of coitus simulation in the V.I.P. room of a titty bar; later, upgraded to her glamorous titular self, Saved by the Bell fucks the Kwisatz Haderach for real, but in the same particularly awkward and memorable orchestration as before, with the K.Haderach’s seedy backyard pool sitting in for the V.I.P. room. The parallel is so totally unsubtle it more or less demands we interpret the scene to mean that a whore is a whore is a whore. Cronenberg takes the Eszterhas/Verhoeven symbiote’s construction and rewrites it with a complexity that kind of blew my mind. Both of his sex scenes involve the fetish of infusing the present with the past. In the first, Viggo’s wife dresses up in cheerleader get-up to up the kink factor – except the kink is not a quotidian Lolita fantasy so much as it is a reliving of the past they never lived together; they make-out like teenagers, turned on by the infiltration of fantasy into reality, the scene extending way past the point of charmingly playful and far into uncomfortable intimacy as they reach the ultimate of pre-intercourse teen highs, the sixty-nine. What kind of blew my mind is how the second scene inverts the relationship between fantasy and reality established by the first sex scene. Once again the kink is powered by the past infusing the present, but this time it’s the past as reality infusing the present as fantasy, since moments before Viggo confirmed that he really is a cold-blooded killer, thereby demoting their bucolic family life together to a fiction. Here, the obliteration of fantasy by reality is itself a fantasy, one that triggers Viggo’s wife’s disgust so as to overpower it with lust, without also obliterating that disgust. That these mutually exclusive usts play out simultaneously during the fucking also kind of blew my mind. That the only bare ass we see during this impossible scene is Viggo’s is also retroactively complex, given that a scene or two later we see his wife naked for the first time, the context too post-apocalyptic to be erotic. Though to be honest that’s how I felt the whole time during Showgirls, as if Basic Instinct is the kind of apocalypse it’s best not to survive.

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© 2005-06 Sinlechuga / Dan Hoy